PORT OF SPAIN, Trinidad, CMC – The Energy Chamber of Trinidad and Tobago says while the energy sector is the major contributor to national income, contributing on average 30-40 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP), it only employs on average two percent of the national workforce or around 12,700 people.
The Energy Chamber stated that over the past decade, energy sector employment has declined significantly; however, this decline is complicated by the fact that jobs in the sector also vary substantially from quarter to quarter.
It said that the coefficient of variance (a statistical measure of variability) is around 24 per cent for the energy sector, significantly higher than all other sectors, where it is measured at about 3.5 per cent.
The Central Statistical Office (CSO), which publishes quarterly Labour Force Survey (LFS) Bulletins, noted that the industry group for energy covers employment in petroleum and gas, including production, refining, and service contractors.
According to the latest from the CSO, in the first quarter of 2025, the average number of people with jobs for all sectors was 558,900, representing a 2.3 per cent decrease from the fourth quarter of last year.
By contrast, the number of people with jobs in the energy sector grew from 8,100 people in the fourth quarter of 2024 to 12,800 in the first quarter of this year, a significant increase of 58 per cent.
“Before this is celebrated, however, it needs to be understood in the context of the very high variability between quarters in the sector. Jobs in the sector dropped by 27 per cent between the third quarter and the fourth quarter in 2024,” the Energy Chamber said, adding that “this is why it is important to look at longer-term trends and not just quarter-to-quarter variability”.
It said that the variability between quarters in energy sector employment is because a lot of jobs in the sector are project-based, and that a significant percentage of the jobs in the industry are temporary project-based jobs, for major maintenance projects or “turnarounds” (TARs) in Point Lisas, Atlantic, or other downstream plants.
Offshore, the number of jobs also varies significantly if there are major drilling programmes, installations, or maintenance programmes.
The Energy Chamber said a turnaround is a planned, comprehensive maintenance event where a processing unit or entire facility is taken offline for an extended period to undergo essential repairs, inspections, and upgrades.
“These turnarounds are usually scheduled events that happen in the sector and require substantial planning and significant resources to execute – both financial and human. During turnarounds, thousands of people are hired, mainly through contractors, to execute the work. ”
The Energy Chamber noted that these workers are often itinerant, moving between different contractors to execute various projects.
“They often work for short periods at different locations. After the project is complete, they are usually employed in other sectors, for example, in construction or manufacturing. This is why the overall employment numbers do not drop substantially from quarter to quarter.
“While the pattern of employment in the energy sector does vary significantly from one quarter to the next, there has been an overall decline in employment in the sector in the past decade. The closure of the refinery in 2018 resulted in a significant dip in employment in the sector in 2019, but since then, average annual numbers employed have stabilized. ”
The Energy Chamber said that any significant increase in jobs in the sector would only come from substantial increases in activity levels.
It said construction projects in the industry were a significant source of jobs in the 1990s and 2000s as new plants were built in Point Lisas and Atlantic, noting “it is unlikely that there will be any new plant construction work in the foreseeable future, given the gas supply outlook.
“Reopening the refinery could create both permanent jobs and contractor jobs during the activities to refurbish and restart the facility, and many in the industry are awaiting further details.”
The government has appointed a 12-member committee headed by former energy minister Kevin Ramnarine, and including former PETROTRIN refinery managers and trade union officials, to develop a strategy for the refinery’s reactivation and submit a report by October.
The Energy Chamber said that in the upstream sector, onshore drilling activity is one area where significant new jobs could be created, especially in south Trinidad.
“Onshore oil projects typically create both direct jobs and many indirect jobs for subsectors like road transport, bridge, and road construction. Generally, oil production generates more jobs than gas production, as more activity is required to maintain production,” the Energy Chamber added.
and then 